Diagnostic Instructions
| • | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure. |
| • | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach. |
| • | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category. |
DTC Descriptor
DTC P0128: Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Below Thermostat Regulating TemperatureDiagnostic Fault Information
Circuit | Short to Ground | High Resistance | Open | Short to Voltage | Signal Performance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ECT Sensor Signal | P0117 | P0118, P0128 | P0118 | P0118 | P0116, P0128 |
Low Reference | -- | P0118, P0128 | P0118 | P0118 | P0128 |
Typical Scan Tool Data
Circuit | Normal Range | Short to Ground | Open | Short to Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Operating Conditions: Engine operating at various operating conditions Parameter Normal Range: -39 to +120°C (-38 to +248°F) | ||||
ECT Sensor Signal | -39 to +120°C (-38 to +248°F) | 150°C (302°F) | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F) |
Low Reference | -- | -- | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F) |
Circuit/System Description
The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor is a variable resistor that measures the temperature of the engine coolant. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the ECT sensor signal circuit and a ground for the low reference circuit.
The purpose of this diagnostic is to analyze the performance of the thermostat, by using the ECT sensor to determine if the engine coolant will increase at the correct rate, and also meet the calibrated target temperatures under various operating conditions. The ECM uses the start-up ECT and the start-up intake air temperature (IAT) to begin the diagnostic calculation. The air flow into the engine is accumulated , and vehicle speed, distance, and engine run time are also factored in to determine if the ECT does increase normally and reach the calibrated target temperatures.
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | DTCs P0101, P0102, P0103, P0106, P0107, P0108, P0112, P0113, P0116, P0117, P0118, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0502, P0503 are not set. |
| • | The start-up IAT is between -7 to +55°C (+19 to +131°F). |
| • | The start-up ECT is colder than 50°C (122°F) when the start-up IAT is colder than 10°C (50°F). |
| OR |
| • | The start-up ECT is colder than 75°C (167°F) when the start-up IAT is warmer than 10°C (50°F). |
| • | The engine run time is between 30 seconds and 30 minutes. |
| • | The vehicle has traveled greater than 0.8 kilometers (0.5 miles) at greater than 8 km/h (5 mph). |
| • | The mass air flow (MAF) average is greater than 1 g/s. |
| • | This DTC runs once per ignition cycle within the enabling conditions. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
| • | The ECM detects that the minimum ECT of 55°C (131°F) has not been met with a start-up IAT of colder than 10°C (50°F). |
| OR |
| • | The ECM detects that the minimum ECT of 80°C (176°F) has not been met with a start-up IAT of warmer than 10°C (50°F). |
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTC P0128 is a Type B DTC.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTC P0128 is a Type B DTC.
Diagnostic Aids
| • | DTC P0128 occurring with insufficient vehicle interior heating is an indication of improper thermostat operation. |
| • | Inspect the ECT sensor terminals and the ECT harness connector for corrosion. This condition results in a greater voltage on the ECT sensor signal circuit, which is interpreted by the ECM as a colder ECT. |
| • | A slight to moderate resistance in the ECT sensor signal circuit or low reference circuit will affect this diagnostic. This condition results in a greater voltage on the ECT sensor signal circuit, which is interpreted by the ECM as a colder ECT. |
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Connector End View Reference
Electrical Information Reference
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions
Scan Tool Reference
Circuit/System Verification
- Turn OFF the ignition.
- Inspect the cooling system surge tank for the proper engine coolant level. Refer to Cooling System Leak Testing and Cooling System Draining and Filling.
- If the ignition has been OFF for 8 hours or greater , the ECT and the IAT should be within 15°C (27°F) of each other and also the ambient temperature. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF, and use a scan tool to observe the IAT and the ECT sensor parameters.
- Use the scan tool to verify the proper operation of the engine cooling system fans.
- Verify the proper heat range, and the operation of the thermostat. Refer to Thermostat Diagnosis.
- Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC to verify the DTC does not reset. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records data.
Important: A critical analysis of the operation of the thermostat is necessary to properly diagnose this DTC.
Circuit/System Testing
- Ignition OFF for 90 seconds, disconnect the harness connector at the ECT sensor.
- Test for less than 5 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 1 and ground.
- Ignition ON, verify the scan tool ECT Sensor parameter is colder than -39°C (-38°F).
- Install a 3A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 2 and the low reference circuit terminal 1. Verify the scan tool ECT Sensor parameter is warmer than 149°C (300°F).
- If the circuits test normal, test or replace the ECT sensor.
| ⇒ | If greater than the specified range, test the low reference circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM. |
| ⇒ | If warmer than the specified range, test the signal circuit terminal 2 for a short to ground. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM. |
| ⇒ | If colder than the specified range, test the signal circuit for a short to voltage or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM. |
Component Testing
Measure and record the resistance of the ECT sensor at various ambient temperatures, then compare those measurements to the Temperature vs Resistance table. Refer to Temperature Versus Resistance.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.
| • | Control Module References for ECM replacement, setup, and programming |
