GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

If a vehicle is involved in an accident that may result in a bent or sprung frame, inspect the vehicle for the following conditions:

    • Proper frame alignment
    • Steering geometry
    • Wheel alignment

There are two different methods for determining vehicle measurements:

    • The tram gauge method
    • The three-dimensional method

Tram Gauge Method

A tram gauge is a quick reference for determining vehicle damage. The tram gauge set requires a vertical pointer that is capable of reaching 914 mm (36 in). Measure the engine compartment components from point to point using the vertical pointers equally set. Use the vertical pointers in order to make other measurements on the horizontal plane of the datum line, parallel to the underbody. Ensure that the pointers are set as specified for each point. When measuring dimensions to the gauge holes, measure to the center of the holes flush to the adjacent surface metal. Cross-check the diagonal dimensions in order to verify the dimensional accuracy of the vehicle underbody.

Three-Dimensional Method

If you are measuring the structural repair, ensure that the repair equipment is capable of simultaneously measuring the following multiple points:

    • The height
    • The length
    • The width

Measure the vehicle body in order to obtain accurate comparisons to the vehicle structure. Universal measuring systems combine the use of equipment and techniques in order to make underbody and upperbody three dimensional measurements. The universal system provides accurate simultaneous measurements of the following items:

    • Height
    • Length
    • Width